George Crile III, author of the book on which the film is based, wrote that the mujahideen's victory in
Afghanistan ultimately opened a power vacuum for bin Laden:
By the end of 1993, in Afghanistan itself there were no roads, no schools, just a destroyed country—and the United States was washing its hands of any responsibility.
It was in this vacuum that the Taliban and Osama bin Laden would emerge as the dominant players. It is ironic that a man who had almost nothing to do with the victory over the Red Army, Osama bin Laden, would come to personify the power of the jihad.
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